UAE combats desertification through innovation and long-term vision

As the world marks the World Day to Combat Desertification and Drought on June 17, the United Arab Emirates stands out for its pioneering steps in reversing land degradation and promoting sustainable land use -- despite its harsh desert climate, WAM reported.

Facing high temperatures and scarce rainfall, the UAE has embraced a science-led, strategic approach to land restoration and ecosystem protection. Under its National Strategy to Combat Desertification 2022–2030, the country aims to safeguard arid ecosystems, mitigate the impacts of climate change, and strengthen environmental resilience through innovation and international collaboration.

Key achievements reviewed earlier this year during a UAE Cabinet session include the rehabilitation of 1,800 hectares of degraded land, the enhancement of over 378 square kilometers, and a significant reduction in degraded land to just 1.2%. The stability of soil carbon was also measured at 98.2%, indicating a strong foundation for sustainable agriculture and forestry.

To support this progress, the UAE has invested in AI-powered soil monitoring, conducted nearly 100 scientific studies under its rain enhancement program, and launched 25 agricultural research projects focused on saline and desert soils. In parallel, researchers examined the stress tolerance of over 300 plant species under extreme conditions like heat, drought, and salinity.

Other notable initiatives include:

• Development of green belts and urban forest management programs
• Creation of gene banks for native, drought-resistant flora
• Implementation of an early warning system for sand and dust storms
• Promotion of sustainable grazing and land degradation neutrality programs

The UAE’s broader environmental strategy emphasizes public awareness and sustainable resource use, including the treatment and reuse of water, the building of dams, and measures to prevent overgrazing and deforestation.

On the global stage, the UAE has been a signatory of the UN Convention to Combat Desertification since 1998. Its national desertification plan, first introduced in 2003 and now in its third iteration, reflects an evolving and increasingly tech-driven vision for ecological preservation.

One of the UAE’s most unique contributions to the region’s desertification fight is its leadership in cloud seeding and artificial rain enhancement, which not only boosts water reserves but also supports reforestation and improved land productivity.

With 49 protected nature reserves already established across the country, the UAE continues to turn once-barren lands into thriving green spaces, underscoring its long-term commitment to environmental stewardship and sustainable development.